The
central vascular cylinder of the tree fern is composed of
a complex arrangement of banded-shaped xylem strands. At
the periphery of the central vascular cylinder c-shaped vascular
strands of petioles can be seen. Surrounding the vascular
cylinder is a mantle of roots. The thickness of the root
mantle decreases as one moves up the trunk of the tree. The
specimen above is a permian aged tree fern (Psaronius
brasiliensis)
from Brazil.
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